According to the UN, Eastern and Southern Africa region presents the highest proportion of children involved in child labour in the world. The International Labour Organization (ILO) defines child labour as work that deprives children of their childhood, their potential and their dignity as it interferes with their freedom and right to receive education. Domestic work, agricultural labors, commercial and sexual exploitation are the principal and part of the most hazardous forms of child exploitation as they represent a threat to children protection, and children rights. The UN stresses its compromise with the protection  and defense of children rights by addressing this situation.

In culturally dependent societies, the dependence on technology, concepts and artistic forms is manifested in the difusion of ideas, ways of life, indiscriminate consumption on a large scale, not only of products and objects, but also also of messages as elaborate constructions that can model our attitudes, behaviors and ideas about the world, reinforcing with this stereotypes, roles, attitudes and ideologies. The school through time has concealed a system of cultural domination, since it reproduces and preserves the relations of domination and subordination that exist between cultures. Multicultural education  rises as the need to achieve from school transformative attitudes in an environment of coexistence in collaboration, tolerance and respect for diversity.

Almost every country of the world is becoming increasingly  urbanized. Globally, this tendency is changing landscapes and sceneries, interfering significantly with living conditions, the environment and development in different regions of the world. An increment in urbanization may also lead to health and environmental hazards, as there might be larger volumes of uncollected wastes and pollution. Besides, animal populations are inhibited by toxic substances, vehicles, and the loss of habitat and food sources. For these reasons, and with the purpose of increasing the life standard and well-being in developing countries  sustainable urbanization most be promoted by the UN.